Freight-car.



W.IT. MANNING.

FREIGHT CAR.

APPLICATION map Novlzr. 1915.

Patented Oct 3, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

o o n a o an manna w. T. MANNING. v

1 FREIGHTCAR. APPLICATION FILED NOV-'27. I915.

Patehted Oct. 3,1916.

3 shins-shin 2.

NING.

F R E l G H T c A R.

) APPLICATION man NOV.27. 1915. 1,200,382. 1 Patented Oct. 3,1916.

- 3 ssssssssssss a.

r a w [1].. i. 1 I

I11 m. .l

E1) sTEs RATENT OFFICE.-

WILLIAM 'r. MANNING, or GOVANS, MARYLAND.

FREIGHT-CAR.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM T. MAN NING, a citizen of the United States,residing at Govans', in the county of Baltimore and State of Maryland,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Freight-Cars; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to improvements in the construction offreight cars,

and it consists in providing a car especially adapted to be emptiedquickly and cheaply, and also adapted to furnish a reduced reslstance toatmospheric pressure on the moving This is especially true when the coalor we is wet, as from rain or snow. The difliculty of unloading the caris enormously increased when the coal or ore after becoming wet isfrozen in the car, when it has to be dug out with picks, or thawed out,or both.

According to my invention I provide a form of car body having its endsand sides inclined upward and inward, so as to allow the contents of thecar to fall away from the ends and sides thereof readily by gravity, andin order to thaw the contents of the car when frozen, I shift the hollowtubular bracing of the sides of the car from the outside to the interiorthereof, and I connect the same to suitable passages provided over thebeams and sills, andin the hoppers at the bottom of the car; the, wholeforming a steam space into which steam may be ad-. mitted from theengine, or from an convenient source of supply. In'th1s way, the alreadyexisting parts of the car are utilized, with or without slightmodifications, to constitute .a steam reservoir into which steam may beturned, and which will eflectually heat the material in the interiorSpecification of Letters Patent.

other Patented 0615.3, 1916.

Application filed November 27, 1915. Serial No. 63,808.

of the car and quickly thaw out the same when frozen. Incident toremoving the tubular bracing from the'exterior to the interior of thecar, the plane sides of the car do not offer. such projecting surfacesto wmd pressure when the car is in motion as if this bracing'were on theexterior of the car; while at the same time the sloping ends of the carwill tend to deflect the air upward when the car is in'motion, causing astill further decrease of wind resistance. Furthermore, by having thesides of the car plane there will be no projecting ribs to strike, or tobe struck by a train, or objects f protrudin on adjacent tracks, and thecar is less 11a 1e to injure or to cause injury from side-wipes, whichare a frequent source of trouble in railroading. Furthermore, theshifting of the side braces to the interior of the car will enable theside walls of the car to be spaced farther apart, or the interior of thecar body to be widened without increasing the prescribed overall widthof the same. Thiswill materially increase the cubical capacity of thecar, and thus will enable the car to carry larger loads, or to bedecreased in height, if it be desired not to increase the cubicalcontents of the car.'

The decrease in height will, of course, lower the center of gravity ofthe car body and its load. As an incident to the sloping ends and sidesof the car body, these may be much more readily kept clean, or cleanedoff if used with coalor ore, and the car is thus especially adapted foruse with return freight.

I As a special feature of the invention I provide hoppers extendingentirely across the bottom of the car with doors for opening the same.

My invention is especially intended to cover certainyfeatures notclaimed in my Patent-No. 1,146,728, granted July 13,1915,

and entitled Improvements in freight cars,- and also to cover certainimprovements on the structure shown in said patent.

My invention will be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in

which the same parts are indicated by the same referencesymbols-throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one of I the improved cars, partbeing in elevation and part'being insection along the broken line 1'1 ofFig.2, and looking in the direc-' '25 ticles of coal dust, ore, or thelike.

tion of the arrows Fig. 2 is a plan view of the car bodyshown in Fig. 1;Fig. 3 is an end view of the car body shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and F ig.4 shows a section along 1 the line 44 of Figs 1, and looking in thedirection of the arrows.

AA represent the ends of the car and BB represent the .sides thereof,which endsand sides are inclined slightly inward toward the center ofthe car, thus forming a slanting structure from which any load in bulkin the car, such as coal, ore, gravel, or the like, would tend to fallaway and thus facilitate the unloading of the car, and also facilitatethe keeping of the inner walls clean;

The top of the sides and ends of the car is preferably provided with amolding C, broken away in Fig. 2, beneath which I provide a pipe D, seeFigs. 1, 2 and 3, having perforations along its bottom so as to permitthe blowing in of air or water through the inlet D, see Figs. 1 and 3,whereby the inside of the walls of the car may be blown or washed freeoffine par- The' sides and ends of the car are provided with a series ofinternal hollow braces E and E, and outside of the car an additionalbrace E may be provided. These braces E and E are preferably taperedupward so as to form knees or stanchions to brace the side and end wallsof the car. These braces E and E are connected to a series of hollowlongitudinal braces F and F, running longitudinally of the sides of thecar body near the top and bottom thereof, and running across theinterior of the ends, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4; and the interior ofthese hollow braces is connected to the interior'of the braces F and Fso as to form a continuous steam passage throughout this hollow bracingas shown in Fig. 1 This continuous steam chamber is connected to a steamchamber G above the car sill H, see Fig. 4, and steam is supplied tothis chamber through the pipe I. This chamber G is connected by theopenings 9 and g, see Fig. 1, to the steam passages beneath the crossbeams K and K, which are connected to the knees E, and also by theopenings g in the passage beneath the cross beam K The openings 9 and gare also connected to the steam spaces m and m, between the doublebottoms of the hoppers M and M, which double bottoms are provided withdrain cocks m to carry ofi the water of condensation. These hoppers areclosed by doors M which doors upper central are slotted in theirportions and fit snugly against the sides and bottom of the main sillwhen the door is in the closed position, and leave a free opening underthe main sill when the door is in the open position, as shown in 1. Itwill be noted that the doors are hinged to the tops of the main sills soas to leavefa large opening for the dumping of the contents of the carWhen the door is allowed to fall to the open position. The controllingof the doors being well known in the art, and being fully described inmy- Patent No. 1146728, granted July 13, 1915, aforesaid, will not befurther described herein.

It will be noted that the large hoppers M fall freely inward, thusrelieving the congestion at the lower end of the hopper. By turningsteam into the continuous steam chamber provided in the bracing of thecar, and above the sillsand cross beams, as described, if the materialof the load is frozen it will be quickly thawed out and can be dumpedwithout the necessity of prying the same out with picks, slice bars, orthe like. By having the tops of the cross beams K, K

" and K flat, as shown in Fig. 2, lumber may be loaded into the carwithout injuring the parts below, and also these cross beams may be usedto'support a suitable temporary flooring which may be put in the carwhen the latter is used for transporting various kinds of loadsrequiring such flooring.

In loading logs, or lumber onto the car, there is apt to be at timesconsiderable end thrust, by whichthe bracing on the ends of the carmight be damaged; and again in coupling up a car so loaded there is aptto be considerable end thrust of the load on the end of the car, and toprotect against this I provide buffer plates P, such as shown in Figs.1, 2 and 4. These buffer plates consist of a plate provided withcorrugations p secured to a backing plate P and extending across the endof the car as shown in Figs.

ing below the bottom of the main sill' and extending entirely across thelower portion main sill when in the closed position, and.

being provided with hinges extending from each side of the main sill tothe sides of the car, substantially as described.

2. A car body provided with a main sill, a series oftransversely-disposed hoppers, each hopper having an inclined bottomprojecting below the bottom of the main sill and extendingentirelyracross the lower portion of the car body, and a door extendingacross the car body and adapted to close said hopper, said door (beingcut away in its center to fit the sides and bottom of said main sillwhen in the closed position, and being provided with hinges extendingfrom each side of the main sill to the sides of the car, substantiallyas described.

3. A car body having a longitudinal main sill, a series of hoppersextending entirely across the car body and projecting below said mainsill, and doors transversely disposed of the car and closing saidhoppers, said car body being provided with hollow bracing mounted on theinside thereof, and 7 including hollow knees tapering upward and hollowspaces of said bracing being connected together to form a continuousheating chamber, with means for supplying steam to said chamber,substantially as described.

chamber therein, and with doors transversely disposed of the car andclosing said hoppers,

said car body being provided with hollow bracing mounted on the insidethereof, and including hollow knees taperlng upward and outward, andlongitudinal hollow braces, the

transversely across the end of the car and protecting the bracingthereof, substantially as described.

6. A car body having a longitudinal main sill, a series of hoppersextending entirely across the car body and projecting below said mainsill, and doors transversely disposed of thecar and closing saidhoppers, saidcar body being provided with hollow bracing mounted on theinside thereof, and

including v hollow knees tapering upward and outward, and longitudinalhollow braces, the hollow spaces of said bracing being connectedtogether to form a continuous heating chamber, with means for supplyingsteam to said chamber, and buffer plates each comprising a corrugatedplate extending transversely across the end of the car and protectingthe bracing thereof, sub stantially as described.

7. A car body having a longitudinal main sill, and a series of hoppersextending entirely across the car body and projecting be low said mainsill, the said hoppers being provided with a double bottom with a steamchamber therein, and with doors transversely disposed of the ear andclosing said hoppers, said car body being provided with hollow bracingmounted on the inside thereof, the hollow spaces of said bracing and insaid hopper bottomsbeing connected together to form acontinuous steamchamber,

with means for supplying steam to said outward, and longitudinal hollowbraces, the

hollow spaces of said bracing and in said hopper bottoms being connectedtogetherto form a continuous heating chamber, with means for supplyingsteam to said chamber, substantially as described.

5. A car body having a longitudinal main sill, a series of hoppersextending entirely across the car body and projecting below said mainsill, and doors transversely disposed of the car and closing saidhoppers,

said car body being provided with hollow bracing mounted on the insidethereof, the hollow spaces of said bracing being connected together toform a continuous heating chamber, with means for supplying steam tosaid chamber, and buffer plates each comprising a corrugated plateextending chamber, and buffer plates each comprising acorrugated plateextending transversely across the end of the car and protectingthebracing thereof, substantially as described.

8.v A car body having a longitudinal main sill, and a series of hoppersextending entirely across the car body and projecting below said mainsill, the said hoppers being provided with a double bottom with a steamchamber therein, and with doors trans versely disposed of the car andclosing said hoppers, said car body being provided with hollow bracingmounted on the inside there-.

of, and including hollow knees tapering upward and outward, andlongitudinal holand in said hopper bottoms being connected together toform a continuous heating dham- 'ber, with means for supplying steam tosaid chamber, and buffer plates each comprising a corrugated plateextending transversely across the end of the car and protecting the acorrugated plate extending transversely across the end of the car andprotecting the bracing thereof, substantially as described.

low braces, the hollow spaces of said bracing 10. A car body providedwith hollow bracing mounted on the inside thereof, and including hollowknees tapering upward and outward, and longitudinal hollow braces, thehollow spaces of said bracing being connected together to form acontinuous heating' chamber, with means for supplying steam to saidchamber, substantially as described. I

11. A car body provided with hollow bracing mounted on the insidethereof, and including hollow knees tapering upward and outyvard, andlongitudinal hollow braces, the hollow spaces of said bracing being,connected together to form a continuous heating chamber, with meansforsupplying steam to said chamber, and buffer plates each comprising acorrugated'plate extending transversely across the end of the car andprotecting the bracing thereof, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

WILLIAM T. MANNING.

